Beowulf As A Christ

Beowulf As A Christ-Like Figure Essay BEOWULF AS A CHRIST-LIKE FIGURE The epic sonnet, Beowulf, relates the story of a man named Beowulf who forfeits his own security to spare the Danes from two malice mythical beasts. At that point, years after the fact, Beowulf chances his life once more to spare his own kin from a mythical serpent. All through the story, Beowulf is introduced as a Christ-like figure. This is showed in the occasions that occur, the way that Beowulf talks about himself, and the manner in which the individuals treat him. The principal way Beowulfs resemblance to Christ is uncovered, is through the occasions that occur. After Beowulf reveals to Hrothgar that he will battle Grendel, there is a festival. During the festival, Welthow, the sovereign raised a streaming cup (615) and poured a bit from the jeweled cup/For each (621-622). At the point when she got to Beowulf, she expressed gratitude toward God for noting her supplications (625). This occasion is strikingly like the Last Supper when Jesus went around a cup of wine and expressed appreciation to God. At that point, the torturous killing is depicted when Beowulf battles Grendels mother. During the stuggle, different beasts come to watch and beat at His mail shirt, cutting with tusks and teeth/As they tracked (1510-1511). Thus, when Jesus was killed, swarms gravitated toward giggling at him, disparaging, and spitting on him. At last, Beowulf is said to have Gone to a wonderful demise (3037) and his spirit Left his tissue, traveled to brilliance (2820). This is like the revival of Jesus. These occasions plainly equal the occasions of Jesus day. What Beowulf says additionally demonstrates his similitude to Christ. Beowulf says I definitely realized that all/My motivation was this: to win the positive attitude/Of your kin (633-635). Jesus likewise realized that it was his strategic come rational to spare his kin from their wrongdoings. Afterward, Beowulf says: . . . Nobody else could do What I intend to, here, no man yet me Could want to overcome this beast. Nobody Could attempt . . . (2532-2535) Likewise, Jesus was the main man who could carry out his responsibility. Along these lines, no man could overcome malicious without the assistance of God. A large number of Beowulfs proclamations are consistent with what Jesus said and felt. One other way Beowulf is connected to Christ is through the manner in which the individuals demonstration towards him and discuss him. When Hrothgar hears that Beowulf has come to support him, he says that God Has sent him as an indication of His elegance, an imprint/Of His kindness, to assist us with crushing Grendel/And end that dread (382-384). Accordingly, Beowulf resembled a hero to Hrothgar. A long time later, Beowulf was confronted with a mythical beast living in his own realm. Be that as it may, Wiglaf says Too not many of his warriors rememered/To come, when our ruler confronted demise, alone (2882-2883). None of Beowulfs supporters safeguarded him similarly as none of Jesus devotees protected him when he confronted passing. Finally, after Beowulf bites the dust, twelve of the most intrepid Geatts/Rode their ponies around the pinnacle, (3170), grieving Beowulf, Crying that no better lord had ever/Lived, no ruler so gentle, no man/So open to his kin, so meriting acclaim. (3180-3182). Similarly as these twelve men did, the messengers lectured about Jesus after his demise. In this manner, the people groups activities and opinons of Beowulf are fundamentally the same as people groups activities and assessments of Jesus. All through the sonnet, there are numerous similitudes among Beowulf and Jesus. These similitudes are uncovered through the activities and remarks of the individuals, and the occasions. In any case, the last is the most clear in making an association between the two characters. BibliographyBEOWULF AS A CHRIST-LIKE FIGURE The epic sonnet, Beowulf, describes the story of a man named Beowulf who forfeits his own wellbeing to spare the Danes from two wickedness mythical serpents. .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a , .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .postImageUrl , .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a , .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:hover , .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:visited , .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:active { border:0!important; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:active , .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ua2f38943af93470 29bb206290dd0ba2a .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ua2f38943af9347029bb206290dd0ba2a:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Soap History Essay Then, years after the fact, Beowulf hazards his life once more to spare his own kin from a mythical beast. All through the story, Beowulf is introduced as a Christ-like figure. This is showed in the occasions that happen, the way that Beowulf talks about himself, and the manner in which the individuals treat him. The main way Beowulfs resemblance to Christ is uncovered, is through the occasions that occur. After Beowulf discloses to Hrothgar that he will battle Grendel, there is a festival. During the festival, Welthow, the sovereign raised a streaming cup (615) and poured a bit from the jeweled cup/For each (621-622). At the point when she got to Beowulf, she said thanks to God for noting her petitions (625). This occasion is strikingly like the Last Supper when Jesus went around a cup of wine and expressed appreciation to God. At that point, the execution is depicted when Beowulf battles Grendels mother. During the stuggle, different beasts come to watch and beat at His mail shirt, wounding with tusks and teeth/As they tracked (1510-1511). Essentially, when Jesus was killed, swarms gravitated toward giggling at him, disparaging, and spitting on him. At long last, Beowulf is said to have Gone to a radiant passing (3037) and his spirit Left his tissue, traveled to magnificence (2820). This is like the revival of Jesus. These occasions obviously equal the occasions of Jesus day. What Beowulf says additionally demonstrates his comparability to Christ. Beowulf says I definitely realized that all/My motivation was this: to win the positive attitude/Of your kin (633-635). Jesus likewise realized that it was his crucial come rational to spare his kin from their transgressions. Afterward, Beowulf says: . . . Nobody else could do What I intend to, here, no man yet me Could would like to vanquish this beast. Nobody Could attempt . . . (2532-2535) Likewise, Jesus was the main man who could carry out his responsibility. In this way, no man could crush malicious without the assistance of God. A significant number of Beowulfs explanations are consistent with what Jesus said and felt. One other way Beowulf is connected to Christ is through the manner in which the individuals demonstration towards him and discuss him. When Hrothgar hears that Beowulf has come to support him, he says that God Has sent him as an indication of His effortlessness, an imprint/Of His kindness, to assist us with vanquishing Grendel/And end that dread (382-384). Along these lines, Beowulf resembled a guardian angel to Hrothgar. A long time later, Beowulf was confronted with a monster living in his own realm. In any case, Wiglaf says Too not many of his warriors rememered/To come, when our ruler confronted passing, alone (2882-2883). None of Beowulfs supporters shielded him similarly as none of Jesus devotees guarded him when he confronted demise. Finally, after Beowulf kicks the bucket, twelve of the most valiant Geatts/Rode their ponies around the pinnacle, (3170), grieving Beowulf, Crying that no better lord had ever/Lived, no sovereign so gentle, no man/So open to his kin, so meriting acclaim. (3180-3182). Similarly as these twelve men did, the witnesses lectured about Jesus after his passing. In this manner, the people groups activities and opinons of Beowulf are fundamentally the same as people groups activities and assessments of Jesus. All through the sonnet, there are numerous likenesses among Beowulf and Jesus. These likenesses are uncovered through the activities and remarks of the individuals, and the occasions. In any case, the last is the most clear in making an association between the two characters. Folklore Essays

Kids Who Kill

Children Who Kill Why Kids slaughter Over the previous decades rough violations submitted by adolescents are on a consistent ascent. On pretty much every magazine spread and paper on practically any given day you can open it up and read how kids as youthful as 6 are perpetrating terrible brutal violations on right around a day by day basis.Such reports are across the board and are customary themes to political authorities, resident activity gatherings and additionally law requirement officials. The Political authorities are continually encouraging a get-extreme approach.According to the F.B.I, America encountered its most elevated Juvenile Violent Crime Arrest rate ever in 1990. 430 for every 100,000 adolescents! The rate for Violent Crimes perpetrated by adolescents, took a sharp rotate toward the sky among both Black and White youth, while it dropped for youth of every single other race. By and large, captures for Violent Crimes expanded 44 percent for White youth, 19 percent for Black youth between 1980-1990, while just a 53 percent expansion among those of the Other Race category.Map of rough violations in 2005 in Chicago community...All Violent Crimes aside from burglary, demonstrated increments among all adolescents in the 1980's! In particular, the capture rate for Juvenile homicide expanded 145 percent for Black youth and 48 percent for White adolescents between 1965-1990. The general homicide capture rate for adolescents expanded 332 percent; joined by a 79 percent expansion in the quantity of adolescents who submitted murders with firearms, in 1990. Just about three out of four adolescent homicides utilized weapons to carry out their wrongdoings! (violentkids.com) An investigation by the National Crime Analysis-Project, affirms the FBI report. In that review, analysts found that the quantity of seventeen-year olds captured for homicide expanded 121 percent from 1985-1991, by 158 percent for sixteen-year olds, and by 217 percent for fifteen-year olds! As the pattern goe s, it appears to just deteriorate! It's been assessed that in any event 100,000 understudies convey a weapon...

My Historical Fiction Fantasies

My Historical Fiction Fantasies Much to the consternation of my vaccine-and internet-obsessed wife, Im a big fan of the not so recent past. I can watch documentaries about pre-Christian Europe for hours on end. I can read pretty esoteric tomes on the daily life of  medieval  peasants and get something out of them. I can even listen to reconstructions of ancient music and try (try) to appreciate it. So is it really any surprise that Im excited about the Hilary Mantel sequel to Wolf Hall, Bring Up The Bodies? I pre-ordered it for my iPad. I started prepping myself by reading the essays of another amazing female historical fiction author, Marguerite Yourcenar. I reread the amazing Red Shift. I re-watched the BBC Simon Schama hosted History of Britain. Im almost ready to take this book on. But it got me thinking: There are so many books about the Tudors, Middle Ages, and American Westwhat are a few of the more underappreciated antipodes of human history, hardly ever touched by the human imagination? Here are a few that sprang to mind: 1. The Fall of the Byzantine Empire.  Rome this and Rome that, but Id like to read a kick-ass Byzantine Empire book. Im sure there are a few out there, and if theyre really really good, please make a few recommendations to me. 2. The Gauls. Theyre kind of Celtic, right? See, I dont know anything about them, and Id like to. 3. Crossing the Bering Strait. Id love to read a sort of long, slow, and deep history of humans populating the Americas. 4. The Great Wall. A slightly fictionalized history of the Great Wall of China would be amazingthe politics, labor, fighting, and ultimate failure. These are just a few ideas. What are yours? Please share! Also recommendations of books that already exist are always welcome, of course. Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Environmental Effects Of Plastic - 977 Words

Introduction Plastic is one of the most important materials that are used today in our daily lives. Plastics have been in our lives for a long time. The first polymer plastic was first made in 1907 by Leo Hendrik Baekeland (Bellis, 2017,para.6). Plastics are used for food, transportation, packaging, bottles, containers, bags and much more. Around 300 million tons of plastic is created each year and less than 10 percent of that is recycled (Wassener, 2011,para.13). It exists everywhere and it’s a daily usage in our lives, thus, we can’t help but expose ourselves in the environment where plastics are around. The use of plastic has benefits but they also have some serious health and environmental impacts during manufacturing and disposing.†¦show more content†¦The additives in the plastic can be toxic to our health and environment. Plastics have countless advances in our way of life. Benefits of using plastic are that it is convenient, inexpensive, light and easily shaped. Pla stic containers used to store food help preserve flavor and freshness. It’s a perfect building material and it also has ability to prevent contamination therefore can be used in sterile medical environment. However, more than 90% of the plastic waste is disposed through landfills, open burning and littering after we are done with it. Health Impacts Plastics cause serious threat to human and animal health in many ways. Plastics can cause severe adverse health effect on humans such as cancers, endocrine disruption, developmental and reproductive effect if exposed to plastic chemicals. The exposure can happen during the manufacturing, leaching food due to the use of plastics package, placing medical instrument, and chewing toys etc. Based on Rustagi, Pradhan, and Singh’s research (2011), Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Phthalates (DEHP and DINP), Polyethelyne (PET), and Polystyrene, four most common types of plastics, are all harmful to human health (para. 3). PVC is widely used in food packaging, plastic wrap, cosmetics, toys and chewy teethers. During the physical contact, the chemical phthalate esters release and can cause cancer, birth defects, changing in genetics, deafness, and liverShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Effects Of Plastics : Environmental And Environmental Impacts1083 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironmental Impacts Production and disposal of plastic can have significant environmental and economically impacts. During production, energy and resources are wasted and toxic chemicals are released into the air. Disposal of waste causes air, soil, and land pollution and harm to wildlife. The manufacturing process of plastic produces solid waste, air emissions and waterborne emissions. The raw materials used in creating plastic are derived from oil and natural gas. These are fossil fuels, whichRead MoreThe Environmental Effects Of Plastics874 Words   |  4 PagesPlastic bags have been a popular commodity since the 1970’s due to their convenience and sturdiness; however, plastic bags are a victim of their own success. These flyaway bags have detrimental effects on the environment; they fill the trees and clog the storm drains. In response, many states in the U.S. have imposed bag taxes in an effort to reduce their use. These taxes have reduced the frivolous use of plastic bags and have heighten ed our awareness of their detrimental effects, but concerns ariseRead MoreEnvironmental Effects Of Plastic Pollution1958 Words   |  8 PagesEvery year, millions of tons of plastic are tossed into the ocean, harming all types of marine animals as well as the environment. Hundreds of marine mammals like whales and dolphins are found washed ashore filled with bottle caps, plastic bags and basically anything they can swallow. 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Analysis Of Duplessis And As Government Called The Great...

The Refus Global In the 1950’s, Duplessis and is government called â€Å"Union National’’ were in power in Quebec province. That period was called the great Darkness because instead of taking a step forward like most countries, Quebec took a big leap back. A lot of people fought back and tried to take him out in order to stop de conservatism and to follow the path that the rest of the world was following. Some of those recalcitrant were the authors of The Total Refusal, an important book in which figured poems, paintings, sketches and plenty other art forms. It is a renowned document that we can not forget. It is par of our story and teaches us a valuable lesson. The Total Refusal (or Refus global in French) changed the traditional values and†¦show more content†¦It’s true, the only 400 copies sold quickly. It had the effect of a bomb. It changed everything and wasn’t a violent act of revolution. In conclusion, it was a rebellion in the fa ce of religion and it showed that artists were essential. Second of all, The Refus global showed the principle of equality between sexes. Indeed, out of the 15 people who signed the Refus global, eight were men and seven were women. Therefore, there was almost a 50% ratio between men and women. Above all, it marked one of the first times that women express themselves publicly in a time where even men were scared of criticizing the current regime. During the Great Darkness, women were expected to be good housewives and to erase themselves. But those women fought and said or showed their convictions. Additionally, the seven women who signed the Refus Global were all artists, a job that was always done by men before. We just have to think of female writers who had to write using a man’s name. It was the case of Janette Bertrand, a well-known francophone author. Woman weren’t perceived the same way, even Borduas admitted that at first, he didn’t take seriously any o f his female co-authors. But by working with them, he realized that they could do the same or even better than men. Besides all of that, the women artists

A1 Jet2 - 2241 Words

A1. Good company citizenship goes beyond simply meeting the letter of the law. A socially responsible company should be aware of the effects its decision-making has on the community around it. This is illustrated in part â€Å"A† of the unanimously adopted policies of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) Virtual Conference, the Regional Expert Group Meeting on Integrated Environmental Considerations into Economic Policy Making Processes, Bangkok, 20-24 July 1998. â€Å"The need and benefits of integrating environmental considerations into economic policy making processes: 1. Both economic development and protection of the environment are critical for sustainable development. The environment is not an isolated†¦show more content†¦Leaders can begin by establishing a systematic approach to ethics so when ethical issues do occur; the organization’s actions to address them match its core values. To do this, leaders should identify and discuss specific ethical challenges, determine how to approach them, and provide practical insights to help maintain and enhance ethical performance. For the organization to grow its ethics, leaders should follow these guidelines: * Be Ethically Conscious – Have an appreciation for the ethical dimensions and implications of one’s daily actions and decisions. * Be Ethically Committed – Be completely devoted to doing the right thing. * Be Ethically Competent – Demonstrate that you have the knowledge and understanding required to make ethically sound decisions. * Be Ethically Courageous – Act upon these competencies even when the action may not be accepted with enthusiasm or endorsement. * Be Ethically Consistent – Establish and maintain a high ethical standard without making or rationalizing inconvenient exceptions. * Be Ethically Candid – Be open and forthright about the complexity of reconciling conflicting values, be willing to ask uncomfortable questions and be an active, not a passive, advocate of ethical analysis and ethical conduct. * Make it everybody’s responsibility – Sustainability today parallels where quality was a few decades ago – a bolt on system of checks and balances. Then the Total Quality Management (TQM) movement cameShow MoreRelatedJet2 Task 22611 Words   |  11 PagesJET2 TASK 2 1 JET 2 TASK 2: Financial Analysis Theo Adams Western Governors University MBA Program JET2 TASK 2 2 (A1) Budget Concerns Investopedia defines Budget as an estimation of the expenses and revenues over a specific future period of time. Budgets can be made for a group of people, family, person, country, business, government, organization or anything else that makes or spend money. The budget is a micro economic concept that shows the trade-offs made when one good is exchangeRead MoreJet2 Task 22187 Words   |  9 PagesJET2 Task 2 A1. Concerns There are many concerns with the budget planning for Competition Bike. From year 2006 to 2008, Competition Bike experienced a 13.3% increase in sales. In year 9, sales are projected to increase to 3510 units to give sales revenue of $5,247,450. This is a bold increase after 3400 units sold in 2008 and 4000 sold in 2007. I do not think the sales will be as robust with the economy rebounding. Sales projections should be 3425 with net sales at $5,120,375. Since theRead MoreCompetition Bikes3719 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿Financial Analysis JET2 Task 3 A1. Capital Structure Recommendation A sound capital structure needs to be in place for Competition Bikes to maximize its shareholder return and expand. A good capital structure would ensure adequate funding and future business stability. However, adequate funding involves capital financing which also has its own risks. If bonds are issued, the company would have to pay interest on them but if sales projections aren’t met, this could have a huge negative impactRead MoreFinancial Analysis Task #57193 Words   |  29 PagesFinancial Analysis Task #5 July 3, 2014 A1. Key Points Custom Snowboard Inc. CFO Report: Custom Snowboards Inc. has found a lot of success both in the United States and overseas. Their products are so popular the company is considering an expansion into Europe to better serve their international customers and expand their brand to a new market. However, all the risks of a very expensive expansion must be considered as well as the benefits needs to be reviewed. The key points that mustRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pageshas a phenomenal skill in helping new acts hit the big time. The more successful it became, the more people wanted to become associated with it. . . . When making an investment, you have to be totally comfortable and conï ¬ dent that you are backing an A1 team. With James we found the perfect deal. James is the sort of person VCs [venture capitalists] can make money out of.4 The Ministry established a distinctive logo and brand and invested heavily in club facilities and sound equipment. It was a

Shopping Drivers Barriers For Older Adults †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Shopping Drivers Barriers For Older Adults? Answer: Introduction The RSL is one of Australia's most seasoned and most regarded national associations. The League was established in 1916 and bolsters serving and ex-benefit Defence Force individuals and their families and advances a safe, steady and dynamic Australia. PEST analysis Political factors: As a National club Company, RSL needs to adopt the restrictions and rules the nations in which it works. Corporate tax, various environmental regulations, employee compensation system, and so forth must be done in a legitimized way to get a place in the market. Economic analysis: The RSL adapt to the inflation circumstance by sorting its employees on the basis of high salary to come up with inflation. The significant dangers to the organization are from the external environment like an increase in employees salary, increase in product cost and much more (Issa, Chang Issa, 2010). Social factors: The environmental factors affecting the social culture of the organization are the culture of country, tradition, increase in population and trends which are not in hand of the company to handle. Legal factors: The numerous legal considerations are the rules related to employment, safety, health of employees and customers and much more. As the company originated in Australia, so it has to comply with the laws of Australia like cosmetic act and trade act. Swot analysis Strength: It has good committee organization, detailed job explanations for Treasurer, excellent junior section, convenient processes in place to ensure club, coaches and officials are insured. Weakness: The prevalent weakness of RSL is communication. The other issues of RSL is facing are that it doesn't communicate an intelligent brand. Frequently an extensive number of target gatherings of people will lose enthusiasm for the club since they cannot set up a particular picture of the shops image (Tehrani, et al., 2010). The club needs to remember their objective clients and make a few promotions that can draw in the objective clients. Opportunity: The rising prominence of online web-based social networking is an open door for RSL Club to convey to its intended interest groups all the more adequately. As per Public Relations Institute of Australia (2013), Australian people burn through 3.6 hours every day via web-based networking media. In this way, to apply the arrangements proposed in this market design can convey new chances to the club and pull in more clients. Threat: RSL Club, its immediate rivals who have part of understanding and incredible accomplishment as a club to treat clients. Other than the danger from immediate rivalry, some new and smaller clubs, who give a comparative sustenance and administration as RSL club, can be new dangers. Future plans of RSL The impersonation jewellery section, which is under 1% of the general market by and by, is set to develop rapidly in upcoming future where openness has been a major issue. The craze for mild and contemporary adornments will include more requests in coming years. As RSL performance is satisfactory up to now and it has the scope of growing to heights in future (Gans Stern, 2010). So my future plans like increasing online presence through various media, increasing delivery process, removing defects in services and much more are future plans which will help it to achieve targets in future leading RSL to success. Differentiating RSL from its competitors RSL has a superior participation base, and the club individuals have the solid devotion to the club. Also regardless of having a focused situation in more prominent RSL has a couple of rivals in the neighbourhood (Trout Rivkin, 2010). Accordingly, it has an enormous market portion in nearby place and attracting a considerable measure of the customer, which brings about extraordinary benefits. The club is completely outfitted with brilliant offices for capacities and occasions. Suggestions to bring changes in performance of club Conflicts and set of accepted principles as problem to be solved Set up group standards or a set of accepted rules. By and by, taking part in a discussion about the practices and attitudes colleagues need to submit to help round up and centre their vitality and assembles trust. At a point when individuals know the principles of the club and, above all, comply with them, they figure out how to believe each other and they're more disposed to go out on a limb (Nunes Breene, 2011). Furthermore, it's vital to perceive and acknowledge that conflicts will happen and that it's not really an indication of something turning out badly. In any case, the struggle must be overseen successfully. By building up a team set of accepted rules, RSL can proactively get ready for how individuals ought to and can act when strife happens. Likely age group of RSL Club mostly members are of the 20s, the reason behind this is: Risk tolerance and adaptability: Individuals are more realistic as the younger an individual is the better they going to be able to tolerate that risk. People at 20s generally have fewer responsibilities, rarer commitments and much more time to make up any losses a company incur. More youthful individuals have a tendency to be more versatile (Lian Yen, 2014). A much bigger reason is interesting technological age, they confront major innovative interruptions all the time, and the main path for organizations to survive is to adjust and coordinate these new advancements. Developing interest of youths Organizing attention-grabbing meetings Offer options to weekly presence. Plan events that participants can join easily. Specify core constituents of the energy to inspire participation and involvement. Understanding and using the power of social media (Benson Pittman, 2012). Plans to decorate or improve the interior Up-cycling: It is a viable approach to coordinate antique furniture into the club is called up-cycling. Up-cycling intends to take a vintage piece and resurface it with current components. It can give vintage couch another look by re-upholstering utilizing a present day looking material. Another approach to inspire is by introducing an in vogue lounge area. On the off chance that includes a lounge area will feel like a touch of fabulousness. Include an extensive table, open to seating and some intense stylistic layout to give it the climate and style of a cool eatery and influence your visitors to feel exceptional (Jaglarz, 2011). Reaching youth through following ways Social media: As a matter of first importance, online networking destinations are a stage for the social association. Each post you make on an online networking stage is an open door for clients to change over (Briones, et al., 2010). When you assemble a following, you'll at the same time approach new clients, late clients, and old clients and RSL have the capacity to collaborate with every one of them. Text message: Text messages are the most productive ways to connect with groups of target people. Without a doubt, there are assortments of marketing means, and most online business is exploiting those. Charities make telephone calls, convey messages, mail out giver slips, make online battles, and much more. Nonetheless, RSL can expand the effect of their promoting effort by using content messages. There are different favourable circumstances that only a higher read rate for text messages. In reality, RSL can set up donation programs through SMS. Current product offerings are Commemoration, Jewellery, Apparels, Accessories, gift and much more are product offering by RSL group to its target market. Its should offer more products like an original diamond, pearls, mens jewellery, youth trend apparels and much more (Kim, Chung Lee, 2011). The reason for this expansion will lead to success it is worldwide due to uniqueness in products and services offered by it. References Tehrani, S.M., Karbassi, A.R., Monavari, S.M. and Mirbagheri, S.A., 2010. Role of E-shopping management strategy in urban environment.International Journal of Environmental Research,4(4), pp.681-690. Issa, T., Chang, V. and Issa, T., 2010. Sustainable business strategies and PESTEL framework.GSTF International Journal on Computing,1(1), pp.73-80. Trout, J. and Rivkin, S., 2010.Differentiate or die: survival in our era of killer competition. John Wiley Sons. Lian, J.W. and Yen, D.C., 2014. Online shopping drivers and barriers for older adults: Age and gender differences.Computers in Human Behavior,37, pp.133-143. Gans, J.S. and Stern, S., 2010. Is there a market for ideas?.Industrial and Corporate Change,19(3), pp.805-837. Nunes, P. and Breene, T., 2011. Reinvent your business before its too late.Harvard Business Review,89(1/2), pp.80-87. Benson, P. and Pittman, K.J. eds., 2012.Trends in youth development: Visions, realities and challenges(Vol. 6). Springer Science Business Media. Jaglarz, A., 2011. Perception and illusion in interior design.Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Context Diversity, pp.358-364. Briones, R.L., Kuch, B., Liu, B.F. and Jin, Y., 2011. Keeping up with the digital age: How the American Red Cross uses social media to build relationships.Public relations review,37(1), pp.37-43. Kim, M.J., Chung, N. and Lee, C.K., 2011. The effect of perceived trust on electronic commerce: Shopping online for tourism products and services in South Korea.Tourism Management,32(2), pp.256-265.

Antidepressants Are over Prescribed Essay Example

Antidepressants Are over Prescribed Essay Example Antidepressants Are over Prescribed Essay Antidepressants Are over Prescribed Essay Antidepressants are overprescribed Mitrea (2007) defines antidepressants as an agent or a drug that is most commonly used to prevent or treat depression. However, in today’s society it could be said that antidepressants are being over prescribed and are being used to treat a vast range of other conditions, as well as clinical depression. When the first antidepressant was developed, manufacturers were reluctant to put it on the market due to the extremely low number of people suffering from depression. Now, antidepressant drugs have a very dominant place in the drug market, with studies showing that they are now one of the most widely prescribed categories of drugs (Mark 2010). There could be a number of reasons for this increase in antidepressant prescriptions; more people in today’s society could be suffering from depression, or the drugs could indeed be being over prescribed by doctors. This essay will aim to critically discuss whether antidepressants are being over prescribed or perhaps under prescribed, and if the diagnosis for depression needs to be reviewed in order to prescribe antidepressants more appropriately. Various studies have been carried out that aim to show that the proportion of antidepressants being prescribed without a psychiatric diagnosis is growing, concluding that antidepressant drugs are being overprescribed. Research by Mojtabai Olfson (2011) found that the increase over the years has come from prescriptions written by non-psychiatrist providers, for patients who do not have a psychiatric or mental health diagnosis. Antidepressants are not being prescribed solely for depression; they are also used to treat chronic pain, anxiety, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder and even eating disorders (Parker 2005). The symptoms for depression are a depressed mood, taking less pleasure in life, lack of energy, changes in appetite, restless habits, feeling worthless and guilty, and suicidal thoughts (American Psychiatric Association [DSM-IV-TR], 2000), but even with these parameters, it can still be difficult to distinguish severe depression from natural periods of feeling â€Å"down. Mojtabai Olfson (2011) reviewed a national sample of office based physician visits over a one week period. They compared visits that involved the prescription of antidepressants with no psychiatric diagnosis with visits that involved the prescription of antidepressants with a psychiatric diagnosis. The findings showed that in the general medicine practice, the use of antidepressants was more dominant among people wi th mental health conditions that were considered less severe and that were poorly defined (John Hopkins University Blomberg School of Public Health 2011). To the extent that antidepressants are being prescribed for uses not supported by clinical evidence, it may be beneficial to improve provider’s prescribing practices, review drug formularies, or pursue interventions that will increase and encourage communication between primary carers and mental health specialists. The rising number of antidepressant prescriptions raises questions not only about over prescription but also about misdiagnoses. It could be fair to say that doctors are too quick to hand out prescriptions for any emotional problem. The rise in prescriptions could be down to patients being diagnosed with depression when they are in fact suffering from different health issues. Researchers have been investigating whether people who have been told they are suffering from depression actually have undiagnosed hypothyroidism (Garber 2006). Hypothyroidism is a disease in which the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormone (Andrews 2010). The symptoms of this disease can mimic the symptoms of depression, and it could be possible that the growth in antidepressant prescribing is going to the community of undiagnosed thyroid patients. It is fair to ask why doctors tend to hand out a prescription for an antidepressant rather than run thyroid tests. The answer to this is most likely to do with time and money. It is much quicker for doctors to write a prescription for an antidepressant drug than to question patients about their health history (Shomon 2011). Macdonald et al. (2009) suggest that the current levels of antidepressant prescribing needs to be assessed. In this study, which gave an insight into General Practitioners (GPs) perspectives on the rise of antidepressant prescriptions, it was evident that many GPs believed that unhappiness, exacerbated by social deprivation and the breakdown of traditional social structures, was being ‘medicalised’ inappropriately (Macdonald et al. 2009). However, participation in this study was voluntary so it is very likely that GPs who were interested in mental health and comfortable with their own prescribing practice would be more likely to take part, thus raising the question; are antidepressants really overprescribed? Despite the increasing number of studies on the over prescription of antidepressants some support this rise in antidepressant use, arguing that it is better to diagnose depression too often and too little (Barber 2008). Research has also been conducted not on over prescription, but in fact under prescription of antidepressants. These researchers are challenging the wide-spread assumption that doctors are handing out antidepressants too often, and suggest that they are in fact being underused instead of overused. In contrast to the study by Macdonald et al. (2009), Cameron et al. (2009) challenged the hypothesis that GPs prescribe antidepressants to patients who are unlikely to require them. The findings suggest that the recent accounts of the overuse of antidepressants are unwarranted. The prescribing of antidepressants to those patients who were not symptomatic was accounted for by relapse prevention, and for the ongoing successful treatment of previously identified depression. Among the patients with probable depression, half did not have their symptomatic status identified and were not offered any treatment for depression, suggesting that GPs may under prescribe, rather than over prescribe antidepressants (Cameron et al. 2009) The increasingly common belief that antidepressants are being over prescribed is mainly down to the fact that the number of antidepressant prescriptions has significantly risen over the last few years. However, when researchers looked more closely at antidepressant prescribing activity, they found an altogether different situation, which showed that only a very small number of patients were being given such drugs without reason (Reid 2009). The main aim of the study was to investigate whether patients who did not meet the criteria laid out in the national guidelines were unnecessarily being prescribed antidepressants, which are also often used to treat pain. The findings showed that only 3 out of a total of 897 patients who took part in the study were being given an antidepressant drug unnecessarily. Many patients who met the criteria in the national guidelines and qualified for treatment with antidepressants were not being given them, which adds to the assumption that GPs are significantly under diagnosing the condition of depression. According to Reid (2011), the assumption that antidepressants are being over-prescribed is being fuelled by the way in which statistics are currently being used to analyze the situation. He says that the numbers are only based on the volume of prescriptions and do not provide any information on differences in the dose or the duration of therapy. Currently, the statistics measure the number of prescriptions being handed out for antidepressant drugs. Critically, they don’t give any indication of how many people are actually taking the drugs. If the doses of antidepressants increased, or the duration of the treatment was extended, there would be an increase of the prescription statistic without any change in the number of people being treated (Reid 2011). The arguments about the over and under prescribing of antidepressants raises an important question; Are antidepressants really effective at treating depression and should they even be prescribed at all? Studies suggest that the popular antidepressant drugs are no more effective that an placebo. Kirsch (1998) investigated this claim by comparing the improvement in patients taking antidepressants with the improvement in those taking placebo pills and found that the difference was minuscule. Patients on a placebo improved about 75% as much as those on actual antidepressants (Begley Kliff 2010). From these findings it is evident that three quarters of the benefit from antidepressants seems to be a placebo effect. It can be argued that these publications that claim that antidepressants don’t work any better than a placebo are a highly misleading interpretation of evidence that shows that antidepressants do work, even in less severely depressed patients, with the long term benefits of the drugs showing an even stronger effect (Melander et al. 008). Geddes et al. (2003) states that the ability of antidepressants to prevent further episodes of depression is one of the strongest findings in the whole of medicine. Placebo does have an impact on mood when used in clinical trials, but the effect is much less than that of antidepressants. Moreover, if the effects of antidepressants are compared with those of no treatment, as is sometimes done for psychotherapy trials, then the effects of drug treatments are as big as those of talking therapies (Nutt Sharpe 2008). Most GPs agree with the claim that antidepressant prescriptions are indeed being overprescribed without a proper diagnosis, and studies suggest that prescribing behaviour needs to change in order to reduce this rising level of prescribing (Macdonald et al. 2009). However, as far as overprescribing, it is not fair to say that it is occurring as a blanket statement. There is evidence to suggest that antidepressants are not prescribed nearly enough and that depression is significantly under diagnosed, meaning that patients who should be treated with antidepressants are not being offered them. There is no definitive answer to whether or not antidepressants are under or over prescribed, but it fair to suggest that the national guidelines for the treatment and diagnosis of depression needs to be reviewed, and doctors need to be educated in distinguishing severe depression from natural periods of sadness and perhaps start providing alternatives to prescribing antidepressants such as counselling to address the main problems of depression rather than masking the symptoms. As far as antidepressants being effective, it is clear that the drugs have been very beneficial to millions of people (Begley Kliff 2008). However, antidepressant drugs are perhaps not necessarily the best choice of treatment. Psychotherapy, for instance, works for moderate, sever, and even very severe depression. It would be beneficial for further research to be conducted to determine if antidepressants are being prescribed for a misdiagnosis of depression or if GPs are missing cases of depression and therefore not prescribing antidepressant drugs enough. References American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (Revised 4th edition) Washington DC: Author Andrews, L. W. (2010) Encyclopaedia of Depression (Volume 1) USA: ABC-CLIO, LLC Begley, S. Kliff, S. (2010) The depressing news about antidepressants Newsweek Vol. 155, No. 6, pp 34-41 Barber, C. (2008) Comfortably Numb: How psychiatry is medicating a nation New York: Vintage Books Cameron, I. M. , Lawton, K. , Reid, I. C. (2009) Appropriateness of antidepressant prescribing: An observational study in a primary-care setting. British journal of General Practice 59: 644-649 Garber, J. R. (2006) Clinical Update: Managing the challenges of hypothyroidism Journal of Family Practice Vol. 55, No. 66, pp 51-8 Geddes, J Carney, S, Davies, C Furukawa, T Kupfer, T, Frank, E. Goodwin G (2003) Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders: a systematic review. The Lancet 361(9358): 653? 661 John Hopkins University Blomberg School of Public Health (2011) Prescriptions for antidepressants increasing among individuals with no psychiatric diagnosis, US study finds. Science Daily Retrieved October 19th 2011 from sciencedaily. com/releases/2011/08/110805135808. htm Macdonald, S. , Morrison, J. , Maxwell, M. , Munoz-Arroyo, R. , Power, A. , Smith, M. , Sutton, M. , Wilson, P. (2009) ‘A coal face option’: GP’s perspectives on the rise in antidepressant prescribing British journal of General Practice Vol. 59, No. 566, pp. e299- e307 (9) Mark, T. L. (2010) For what diagnosis are psychotropic medications being prescribed? : A nationally representative survey of psysicians CNS Drugs 24(4): 319-326 Melander et al (2008) A regulatory apologia ? a review of placebo? controlled studies in regulatory submissions of new? generation antidepressants. European Neuropsychopharmacology 18: 623? 627 Mitrea, L. S. , (2007) Natural Medicone Mosiac, Volume 1. Canada: Natural Medicne Books Mojtabai, R. Olfson, M. (2011) Proportion of antidepressants prescribed without a psychiatric diagnosis is growing Health Affairs, 30(8) Nutt DJ and Sharpe M (2008) Uncritical positive regard? Issues in the safety and efficacy of psychotherapy. Journal of Psychopharmacology 22: 3? 6 Parker, G. (2005) Beyond major depression Psychol Med 35: 467-72 Reid, I. (2009) Antidepressants are under – not over – prescribed British Journal of General Practice Shomon, M. (2011) More antidepressants being prescribed without a psychiatric diagnosis: Are undiagnosed thyroid problems a key cause? Retrieved on October 20th from http://thyroid. about. com/b/2011/08/15/antidepressants-thyroid-depression-shames. htm

The variety of hoaxes essay

The variety of hoaxes essay The variety of hoaxes essay The variety of hoaxes essayThe museum of Hoax offers a variety of hoaxes which stirred the public in the past. At this point, the hoaxes depicting images of the Loch Ness monster, which are mainly unclear black and white photos depicting what was presumably treated as the Loch Ness monster. However, neither photo has been approved by scientists that means that they cannot be viewed as the evidence of the existence of the monster. At the same time, these hoaxes show the full extent to which the public was concerned with the existence of the Loch Ness monster. Basically, hoaxes are not credible for any critical mind because there are no clear photos made, while the only one made by Anthony Shiels is not credible because of the reputation of the photographer. At the same time, hoaxes are not credible because, in scientific terms, they cannot be treated as the evidence reliable enough to prove the existence of the Loch Ness Monster. In fact, there should be more evidence of the existence of the monster aside of the photos made in different time throughout the 20th century. In addition, the Loch Ness monster has become the tourist attraction and later photos are apparently fake or staged. In fact, when hoaxes are studied in details, it becomes evident that there are no clear indications that they depict the monster. For instance, if one looks at those photos without captions or without having any background information about them, one would never guess that it is supposed to be a monster depicted on those photos. This is why hoaxes of the past attempting to persuade the public that the Loch Ness monster does exist are not credible but still they stirred the public a lot and made the Loch Ness one of the main attractions of Scotland.

Consent for Treatment and a Tax-Free Health Care Organization Research Paper

Consent for Treatment and a Tax-Free Health Care Organization - Research Paper Example There are three critical requirements to valid consent: the patient must possess the capacity to consent (mentally competent); consent obtained ought to be voluntary; and, the patient ought to have obtained adequate information to arrive at a decision regarding their treatment. The health practitioner can be reprimanded for failing to obtain a valid consent, which amounts to claims of clinical negligence. In theory, in instances in which harm has befallen the patient and the consent was obtained improperly, this could give rise to claims of assault or battery, and, in extreme cases, criminal charges. Overall, minors are not legally competent (not mentally competent) to consent to medical treatment. It is the practice for doctors, plus other medical professionals to obtain consent from parents or guardians for carrying out medical and surgical procedures. However, when the minor needs urgent medical attention and the parents cannot be reached (such as in a true emergency), then the doctor may begin treating the child devoid of a parental consent (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2003). The scenario presented is life threatening and the doctor can legally treat the minor devoid of parental or legal guardian has given consent. The minor can give informed consent devoid of parental intervention and thus the operation remains allowable. Cases in which minor’s consent is adequate for confidential care are infrequent since it applies only to emergency medical services, where parent’s consent is not readily available. The prospective impact of U.S. health care reform legislation on hospitals can be viewed from four critical areas: changes in funding and reimbursement; changes within clinical operations; transparency requirements; and, additional oversight measures (Rosenbaum, 2011). Under the tax-exempt status, hospitals must undertake a

Presentation Essentials Mary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Presentation Essentials Mary - Essay Example In every country, there are laws that govern the relationship between employees and employers including reporting mechanisms and channels. This paper seeks to compare the rights of employees and responsibilities of employers in the United States and Europe in relation to Mary’s case study. In the United States, employees are subjected to things like, benefits, breaks, vacations, leaves, pay, and safety. These elements stabilize employees in any given company. The employment law in the United States requires that employees be given equal opportunities without any form of discrimination. This makes employees feel protected and safe in the workplace. Employees also enjoy freedom of expression. This ensures that the opinions and ideas are considered so as to keep the company activities moving smoothly and fairly (David, 2010). Employees and employers are obligated to one another to uphold each other’s rights. The responsibilities and rights of employers and employees respec tively relate to such things as the provision of employment terms and conditions, health and safety, rights to minimum wage, and equal opportunities. ... These bodies also set number of hours that employees are expected to work in a week. The form of relationship existing between employers and employees in United States is that of master to servant, employees are obligated to recognize their employer’s authority. However, employers also have the responsibility to protect their employees and treat them fairly as dictated by employment. Some of the obligations that both employers and employees are expected to observe towards each other include: regard and respect, health and safety, working hours and pay, loyalty, and fairness. Therefore employees should feel respected, honored and valued by their employers. On the other hand, employers are expecting their employees to work and perform their duties as stipulated in the terms and conditions of the job description. On the other hand, Europe has labor laws and regulations that determine the rights of employees and responsibilities of employers in the European countries. The European employment law governs employment in terms of working conditions, health and safety, and consulting and informing employees. The rights of employees and responsibilities of employers are very important in the European nations. They uphold laws of minimum wage, disability, pensions, work opportunities, medical insurance, and retirements. This is similar to the United States which plays a significant part in the process of hiring. Some employment specific laws that are common to Europe and the United States include the following: Anti-discrimination Working time and employment contract Equal treatment of all employees at workplace Protection of personal data Informing and consulting employees Social security and right to pension Fixed, part, and posted workers Parental leave and

The Theory Of Mcdonaldization Commerce Essay

The Theory Of Mcdonaldization Commerce Essay McDonaldization is the process by which the principles of the fast food industry have come to dominate an increasing number of organizations in modern society. This concept is the central thesis of The McDonaldization of Society 5, a book by George Ritzer. George Ritzer is a highly revered sociologist famous for his works exploring the effect of McDonalization on society. While the effects of McDonaldization can be seen all around us, people disagree on whether they are good or bad. Although McDonaldization has pros and cons, I believe that the positive effects that it has had on society outweigh the negative effects. The theory of Mcdonaldization identifies four primary principles which govern the actions of McDonaldized organizations; efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control. Efficiency refers to an organizations ability to perform its various functions as quickly, and for the lowest cost, as possible. Some examples of organizations attempts to increase efficiency include ATMs, self-checkout stands at the grocery store, and fast food drive-thru windows. Although efficiency is often advertised as a benefit to the consumer, and sometimes is, it can lead to several drawbacks. ATMs and self-checkout stands can take longer than traditional systems and force customers to perform work that was originally performed for them. Calculability refers to the element of McDonaldization by which everything in an organization is quantifiable. This often leads to quantity as a replacement for quality. This can be seen in fast food commercials which focus on the large size and small cost of hamburgers instead of the taste. It also has ties to efficiency (it is easier to identify efficient or inefficient processes if they are quantifiable) and predictability. Predictability is the process by which organizations eliminate any unexpected or unwanted outcomes, as well as any surprise or variability at all, in products and services. An example of this is that any mall in a given geographical region generally has the same shops and a similar layout as compared with any other mall in the given region. The final principle of McDonaldized organizations is control. This largely refers to the control of humans through nonhuman technologies. Nonhuman technologies are technologies, such as barcode scanners, computers, or even rules and regulations, which remove human variability from processes and control people. Obviously this has a strong connection to predictability as well (Ritzer, 2008). What different perspectives can we use to analyze McDonaldization? In the book Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice, and Leadership, the authors, Lee G. Bolman and Terrence E. Deal, suggest using frames to analyze the effects of socological phenomenons, such as McDonaldization, on society. Frames are essentially different perspectives which individuals can use to interpret situations, make judgements, analyze organizations, ect. The author suggests four frames: the structutal frame, human resource frame, symbolic frame, and the political frame. I feel that the structural, human resource, and symbolic frame are useful in analyzing McDonaldization. The structural frame is highly goal-oriented and systematic. It focuses on tasks, facts, and logic.This is definitely the most pervasive frame used by leaders such as Ray Kroc and those at other McDonaldized institutions. The four cornerstones of McDonaldization, efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control, are a major result of this almost purely structural perspective of the organization. After all, the primary metaphor for organizations under the structural frame is that of a machine or factory. One could argue that the characteristics valued in machines or factories are the very same characteristics that culminate in the four cornerstones of McDonaldization. Furthermore, the structural perspective is heavily concerned with rules, policies and technology, another striking similarity to McDonaldization which uses stringent rules and procedures and relies on nonhuman technology to achieve its goals of predictability and efficiency (Bolman Deal, 2008). Another characteristic of McDonaldization and leaders in McDonaldized organizations which occurred to me while researching Ritzers theory is their equivalence to systemizers. Systemizers see organizations through a structural frame and rely on numbers and calculations to analyze organizations. They do not focus on the human aspect of organizations (Leavitt, 2007). I feel that McDonaldized organizations share the same perspective as systemizers and encourage the development of systemizers within themselves. Not only are employs treated in a theory X, systemizing manner but so are customers. Customers are herded in, processed, and shipped out like cattle in a slaughter house. At this point I would like to briefly discuss the selection of the term McDonaldization to explain this societal phenomenon. I understand that McDonaldization is just a term used to describe the spread of characteristics valued by many modern organizations, and I will admit it is a creative one, however McDonalds was far from the first organization to implement this very structural system focusing on factors such as efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control. Earlier figures, such as Fredrick Taylor and Henry Ford, implemented these characteristics long before Ray Kroc and McDonalds. Perhaps the title of Ritzers central concept should have been Taylorization or Fordization. The human resource frame suggests that organizations exist to fulfill the human needs of consumers and employees alike. I feel that the human resource frame by far has the weakest representation within McDonaldized organizations and the limited implementation of it which we do see is very superficial. The human resource frame sees organizations as an extended family that is concerned with people, relationships, skills, and empowerment (Bolman Deal, 2008). These elements clash with the principles of efficiency, predictability, control, and calculability so they have been all but eliminated. This is part of the reason that McDonalds tends to higher teenagers or young, uneducated people. These people are easier to control and more willingly accept the mind-numbing, repetitive tasks associated with McDonaldized jobs. If McDonalds truly did care about people we would see them treat their employees differently. There is a strong theory X approach to management in McDonaldized organizations. The principles of McDonaldized organizations lend themselves to this type of approach. I do not think that the problem is with their ultimate goals, which I would argue are efficiency and predictability, I think the problem is with their means to achieving these goals, calculability and control. Because McDonalds treats their employees in a theory X manner they must rely on calculability and control to achieve their goals (Bolman Deal, 2008). I think it is important that McDonaldized organizations reframe in order to bring some humanity back to their workplace. One suggestion I would make to help reframe these organizations is to abandon the theory X approach and move to a theory Y approach of management (Bolman Deal, 2008). By empowering employees, cultivating their skills, and using positive motivational techniques they can reach their goals without relying so heavily on control and calculability. Reductions in the amount of control and calculability would allow for more autonomy within the workplace and increased humanization. The symbolic frame looks at the importance and significance of symbols, practices, rituals, and customs of a particular organization. McDonaldized organizations have begun exploiting the symbolic frame in an attempt to persuade society that they truly are compassionate organizations. Using McDonalds as an example we can see a multitude of cultural transmitters. The Ronald McDonald House charity, Happy Meal toys, the Happy Meals themselves, Playgrounds, the Im loving it slogan, Ronald McDonald (and other characters), the golden arches, etc. can all be seen as cultural transmitters. These transmitters are designed to portray the underlying meaning and values which McDonalds wants the public to believe it embraces (Bolman Deal, 2008). The playgrounds and Ronald McDonald House charity, for instance, are meant to portray McDonalds as a carrying organization which values the wellness of your family and the communities they operate in. I believe that McDonalds exploitation of the symbolic frame goes back to their very weak application of the human resource frame. Because the ideals of the human resource frame clash so greatly with the principle of McDonaldized organizations they must portray an atmosphere of caring and compassion through alternative means. This is why they dedicate so much time to developing cultural transmitters and exploiting the symbolic frame. This poses a very serious ethical dilemma. The practice of organizations portraying values and beliefs that they do not actually hold is deceptive and dishonest. In the end it may do more damage to the organization than it does good (Bolman Deal, 2008). Although I am not going to focus on Bolman and Deals political frame, I feel that it is important to briefly mention here. People have begun realizing that McDonaldized organizations are portraying false images and the organizations have received bad press. In response, they began using political techniques to build coalitions and gain support within society. Also, I feel that McDonaldized organizations view the market place as a jungle and are fighting for their share of the scarce resources or money (Bolman Deal, 2008). Advantages and Disadvantages of McDonaldization Much of the literature on McDonaldization exclusively focuses on the negative aspects of the phenomenon and does not make a strong distinction between employees and consumer in McDonaldized systems. Authors tell the terrors of a McDonaldized death, McDonaldized systems ravaging the environment, the mind-numbing tasks involved with McDonaldized jobs, and the frustrations of attending a McDonaldized educational institution.Admittedly, even I have focused primarily on the negative aspects of McDonaldization up to this point, but what are the advantages of McDonaldization and from whose perspective? In my opinion, Ritzer and others do a very lack luster job of clearly identifying the advantages associated with McDonaldization for consumers. I am not disputing that there are disadvantages associated with McDonaldization or even saying that advantages outweigh disadvantages or vice versa. I simply feel that in order to analyze any situation effectively we must consider the pros and cons fr om all perspectives and through all frames or perspectives. Two primary advantages of McDonaldization are convience and afforadability. Modern US society is an on-the-go, fast paced environment which values convenience. I am no exception to this phenomenon. When I go to Wal-Mart I just want to get my toothpaste, or whatever item I came for, and go. I am not looking to create personal relationships with the people that serve me my food or ring up my groceries. Between my coworkers, peers at school, bosses, professors, family, friends, and my boyfriend I already feel as though I am downing in personal relationships. The ability to conveniently and quickly complete daily tasks affords me more time to do the things I care about. For instance I can even manage my own bank account or check my email in the middle of the night. This would probably not be possible without some degree of McDonaldization. Affordability is another major advantage of McDonaldization. McDonaldization has allowed regular, middle class people to afford luxuries that even the richest men could not have dreamed of many years ago. While sitting in the Coffee Bean not long ago I saw a homeless man surfing the web and playing a DVD on his portable computer. McDonaldized systems have made this possible. Many products which were once very expensive are now accessible to almost everyone in developed nations. The wealth of information offered by the internet, as well as many products and services that were likely made possible by McDonaldization, cannot be over looked or downplayed when analyzing the effects of McDonaldization on society. How can we deal with McDonaldization? Some people have described McDonaldization as a cage. The image of an iron cage represents society as a whole surrounded by a rationalization system (Ritzer, 2003). Perhaps it is because I am a product of a McDonaldized society, but I certainly would not use the metaphor of a cage to describe McDonaldization. Although the cage-like image may fit to a certain degree, it is certainly not an iron cage because escape remains an easy option for most people (Ritzer, 2003). McDonaldization only dominates our lives to the extent which we allow it to dominate our lives. I exploit McDonaldization to obtain the advantages discussed in this paper and in no way does McDonaldization take advantage of me. For this reason, I think describing McDonaldization as a cage is a narrow-minded, deceptive portrayal. That being said, I feel there are several simple steps that those who do not prefer McDonaldized systems can take to deal with McDonaldization. Consumers, especially, have a great deal of freedom with the way they handle McDonaldization. After all, the ultimate choice is theirs. If they have a high level of distain for McDonaldized organizations they can simply desist from patronizing them. In my personal opinion, the most important step is to avoid the invasion of McDonaldization into ones personal life. My own family has done things such as avoiding McDonaldized meals and outings. I think this has helped us to cultivate strong, healthy relationships in our personal lives. Employees of McDonaldized systems, on the other hand, have a very limited amount of freedom when it comes to dealing with McDonaldization. Those in managerial position can subtly resist by doing things such as employing Maslows hierarchy of needs and a theory Y management approach (Bolman Deal, 2008). Of Course this only works to the extent that their bosses allowing it to go on. Im afraid that lower level employees are only afforded one option for dealing with McDonaldization (but it is probably the best option), Education. McDonaldized organizations, and their mind-numbing, mundane jobs, are here to stay. For many the last line of defense is education. I myself am going to school for this specific reason. Unfortunately, those employed in McDonaldized jobs are armed with little more than their creativity and critical thinking skills to survive in the meantime. Conclusion McDonaldization is the processes through which the principles of the fast food industry, efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control, have come to dominate an increasing number of organizations in modern society (Ritzer, 2008). McDonaldization can lead to several disadvantages, such as dehumanized jobs and services, and several advantages, such as convenience and affordability. These advantages and disadvantages are proliferated primarily through a stringent application of Bolman and Deals (2008) structural frame and use of the systemizer perspective (Leavitt, 2007). Although McDonaldized organizations use the symbolic frame to create the perception that they care about their employees, communities, and clientele, it is largely superficial. For example, McDonalds uses symbols such as the Ronald McDonald House charity, playgrounds, and friendly characters (such as Ronald McDonald) to give the illusion that they truly care about people. If they truly did care about people we would see a stronger implementation of the human resource frame within their organization. One possible approach to this problem would be for them to use a theory Y approach to achieve their goals of efficiency and predictability and reduce their dependence on calculability and control (Bolman Deal, 2008). Consumers who do not like McDonaldization can simply avoid patronizing McDonaldized organizations as much as possible. Employees of McDonaldized organizations, on the other hand, will likely have to rely on education to help them obtain better, less McDonalized jobs. Most likely McDonaldized organization will be around for many years to come. McDonaldization has invaded nearly every aspect of society. Even George Ritzers book, The McDonaldization of Society 5, which denounces the evils of McDonaldization is itself McDonaldized. It is highly structured, repetitive, and predictable at times. He even includes a instructors CD ROM with suggested essay questions for educators, thus aiding in McDonaldizing the educational process. People should stop fighting McDonaldization and learn to exploit it. In the end, McDonaldization can only dominate our lives to the extent that we allow it to. As a busy college student, I feel that Mcdonaldization is a great thing, if you use it cautiously. Coll ege students often run short on time especially because they have so many things going on. Online classes, Internet databases, and collaborative websites such as Google Docs, all of which were made possible at least partially due to McDonaldization, make the college experience more accessible and manageable. Instead of letting McDonaldization take advantage of us we must use McDonaldization to our own advantage.

Galicia :: essays research papers

Galicia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Galicia is located in the green northwestern part of Spain. If it was not for Santiago de Compestela, Galicia may not have been known as well as it is. As it is some os Galicia's provinces are not even known to tourists, and probably will never be. Unlike the rest of Spain, Galicia looks much like Ireland. Which attracted the Celts during their exploration. The landscape is lush and filled with pine and eucalyptus. Galicia also has some of the best beaches in all of Spain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gallegos (Galicia's people) are very different from other Spanish people and seem to almost be a different race. They have a whiter pailer complextion, and have blond hair. They are also different in the things that they do for entertainment. They don't have any of the high-tech theatures, or the night life of Madrid. They are more interested in music, poetry, land, family, witchcraft, death, and superstition. They spend a lot of time thinking about things and why they are the way that they are. They usually are not prejudice to any outsiders, and willing listen to their ideas. People believe that many of these traits came from the Celts who came in 1000 B.C. and ruled until A.D. 137. They seem to have many things in common with the Irish and the Scots because of this. Including a bagpipe-like instrument called a Gaita.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The language of Galicia is different from the rest of Spain also, they speak a variation of Castillian which has some French tones as well as Portuguese. They have their own favorite foods also, which consist mainly of seafood. Some of their specialty dishes are: merluza (hake), cigalas (prawns), camarones (small shrimp). chipirones (little squid), langostines (crayfish), vieiras (scallops), percebes (goose baracles), and trout and other local fish. Most of their dishes are served either in casseroles or broiled, or steamed, or rolled into crepes called empanadas. In the winter months, the dishes are served with meat instead of seafood. Usually the meat is rabbit, or game. Although ham, pork, and sausages are also served. Cheese is also another specialty of Galicia, a entire meal can be made up of just cheese, and not be boring! Many Gallegos have cheese and peasant bread for their lunchtime meal every day. For desserts, the Gallegos make excellant pastrys and sponge cakes, which are not found in any other part of Spain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wine is probably the greatest thing that Galicia has to offer to the world, often said to be one of the best wine makers of the world. Albarino is probably the best wine from Galicia, it is said to be Spains long awaited white-

Ambition Essay 11

?Ambition Nowadays, many people think ambition is antisocial, it is never a pretty prospect to ponder. But in my opinion, ambition is important and necessary for our society. Ambition is a fundamental skill of accumulating power and living a good life. It produces action. It makes choice possible. It is a narrative or context of concerns and commitments that brings forth moods of passion, assessments of situations and actions, strategies and tactics, requirements for power, and skill. What if a person does not have an ambition? A person without ambition has no commitment to take care of their future. They may want, desire or prefer a good future, but they lack commitment to do so. They do not act in the present to produce favorable consequences in the future. And to think of it, what the world will be like without ambition? The highly developed society hangs back and new invention disappears. New discovery vanishes. All of which human beings creates will never come to our life. That's an unbelievable phenomenon. So in my opinion, ambition is so important and necessary for both individuals and our society that we will never abandon falling in it. To begin with, I think if one's ambition is greater than the others, he or she will get more at last. For example, In the Three States conflicts, a famous leader named Cao Cao, whose ambition is to climb up to the summit of great rights. Through a list of methods such as absorbing some knowledgeable person makes him succeed finally. Secondly, some ambitious ideas contribute to the success of our society. If we don't dream flying like the bird, we'll never invent the plane. f we don't want to stay in the waters for a long time, we'll never make the first submarine. If we don't want to step on the moon, we'll never create the spaceship. Ambition is like a flower, whose smell is so sweet that lure people to get it. Ambition is like a hawking, whose expectation is to fly high and high to the blue sky. If a person doesn’t have ambition, his life will be dull. If a person doesn’t have ambition, his colorful world will fade. a person don't have ambition, he will achieve nothing. Someone will say, ambition may be destroy the building of modern moral society, which built by our ancestor. To the contrary, it's because of the ambition that the building could be existed. I don't think that someone is an ambitious person is wrong. In a word, I am totally agree that ambition propels our life and make our world go around. It's so important and necessary that we'll all have to stick to it if we want to make a difference.

Learn About Edwin Land, Inventor of the Polaroid Camera

Before the rise of smartphones with digital cameras  and photo-sharing sites like Instagram,  Edwin Land’s Polaroid camera was the closest thing the world had to instant photography. The Launch of Instant Photography Edwin Land (May 7, 1909–March 1, 1991) was an American inventor, physicist, and avid photograph collector who co-founded the Polaroid Corporation in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1937. He is known for inventing a one-step process for developing and printing photographs that revolutionized photography. The Harvard-educated scientist got his groundbreaking idea in 1943 when his young daughter asked why the family camera couldn’t produce a picture immediately. Land returned to his lab inspired by her question and came up with his answer: the Polaroid Instant camera that allowed a photographer to remove a developing print with an image that was ready in about 60 seconds. The first Polaroid camera, the Land Camera, was sold to the public in November 1948. It was an immediate (or should we say instant) hit, providing both novelty and instant gratification. While the resolution of the photos didn’t quite match that of traditional photographs, professional photographers adopted it as a tool for taking test photos as they set up their shots. In the 1960s, Edwin Land’s instant cameras got a more streamlined look when he collaborated with industrial designer Henry Dreyfuss on The Automatic 100 Land Camera and also on the Polaroid Swinger, a black and white model that was designed and priced at under $20 to appeal to average consumers. An intense, passionate researcher who amassed more than 500 patents while at Polaroid, Land’s work was not limited to the camera. Over the years, he became an expert on light polarization technology, which had applications for sunglasses.  He worked on night-vision goggles for the military during World War II and developed a stereoscopic viewing system called the Vectograph that could help detect enemies whether or not they were wearing camouflage. He also participated in the development of the U-2 spy plane. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963 and the W.O. Baker Award of the Security Affairs Support Association in 1988. Polaroid’s Patents Are Challenged On October 11, 1985, the Polaroid Corporation won a five-year patent infringement battle against Kodak Corporation, one of the country’s largest patent lawsuits involving photography. The U.S. District Court of Massachusetts found that Polaroid’s patents were valid and infringed. As a result, Kodak was forced to pull out of the instant camera market. In a good faith effort, the company began offering compensation to their customers who owned their cameras but wouldn’t be able to purchase a suitable film for them. New Technology Threatens Polaroid With the rise of digital photography at the start of the 21st century, the fate of the Polaroid camera seemed grim. In 2008, the company announced it would stop making its patented film. However, the Polaroid instant camera remains viable thanks to Florian Kaps, Andrà © Bosman, and Marwan Saba, the founders of The Impossible Project, which raised funds to help create monochromatic and color film for use with Polaroid instant cameras. Land’s Death On March 1, 1991, at the age of 81, Edwin Land died from an undisclosed illness. He had been ill for a couple of years, spending his last few weeks at an undisclosed hospital in his hometown of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Information about the actual cause of his death was never readily available per his family’s wishes, but his gravesite and tombstone can be found in Cambridge at the Mount Auburn Cemetery, a National Historic Landmark and the resting place of many historically significant citizens of the Boston area.